Some electrical gadgets cannot draw power directly from the primary network. So, they depend on external power supply units that need AC/DC adapters. Laptop and mobile power chargers are common types of AC-DC adapters. But, some adapters are also used for industrial purposes. Power supplies are crucial for the reliable and efficient performance of the electronic gadgets. AC-DC power adapters are categorized in different ways.
Switch Mode Power Supply
SMPS is a complex electrical circuit converting AC (high voltage) power into DC (low voltage). It includes a rectifier and transformer with a high-frequency switching circuit. Rectifier helps with AC-DC conversion, whereas transformer minimizes the voltage. The device also has a filter circuit for the ripple removal from the DC output voltage. The feedback circuit in SMPS is intended for voltage control. The efficiency of this power adapter is more than 70%.
SMPS is used in electronic items like-
- Laptop
- Computers
- Communication devices
- Industrial machinery
- Medical equipment
Linear Power Supply
Linear power supplies come with linear voltage regulation systems to lower the AC voltage. They dissipate extra voltage as heat using their voltage regulators. So, you can choose them for low-power devices. They have a simple circuit design for high-voltage conversion into low-voltage. Steel alloy is used to design the core of the power adapters. However, their efficiency is low when compared to SMPS. Their main applications are-
- Analog electronic circuits
- Lab equipment
- Audio amplifier
One significant advantage of using a linear power supply is that it does not produce loud electronic noise.
Universal power adapters
Universal adapters are devices to connect power supplies to different devices in any setting. The main reason for using these adapters is to minimize e-waste. Moreover, it allows the flow of electricity to your machine. Frequent travelers like to choose universal power adapters for various reasons. They want to avoid carrying different chargers that are compatible with various power outlets. As there is no need to buy multiple accessories, universal power adapters are a cost-effective solution.
They reduce the need to switch your chargers while traveling to different places. So, you will get a universally sustainable solution from universal chargers.
Regulated and unregulated power supply products
Other types of AC-DC power adapters are-
Regulated- Some AC-DC adapters have voltage regulators as the output. They ensure the output voltage maintains the rated power supply value. They do not depend on how much current your device consumes.
Unregulated- Some power supply products generate a particular voltage at a certain current. They provide a consistent amount of power. The output voltage decreases with the rise in output current.
Some more criteria for differentiating AC-DC power adapters
Input and output voltages make a difference in power adapters. The input voltage denotes the power level transferred to the adapter. 230V is the main standard across various regions. You may also check the Hertz frequency of the input voltage. On the contrary, the output voltage is the lower charge level passed to your device. The most common output voltages are-
- 5V
- 12V
- 24V
Some power adapters are portable and can be placed on any flat surface. You may position them at any place. They have multiple connectors and ports, making them compatible with different devices. On the contrary, wall-mount power adapters are best for those who have limited desktop space. They have a sleek design and are safe for users. There is no risk of tripping over your power adapters.
Conclusion
These are various types of power supply adapters for your electronic devices. You should check voltage regulators, input-output voltages, and other factors before making a purchase. Depending on your electronic device needs, you can choose the right adapters.